The Participle 

The third principal part of the English verb is called a
"participle".  Now listen closely; this is going to be an
important definition:  A participle is a "verbal adjective".
That is, an adjective which is derived from a verb.  In fact,
that's why we call it a participle, because it "participates" in
the essence of both a verb and of an adjective.  So in the
constructions of the English passive voice, the participle "seen"
is actually "modifying" the subject of the verb "to be".  I can
say "Betty is tall" and "Betty is seen", and these two sentences
are analogous.  In the predicate of both these sentences the
subject further modified, since it is linked to an adjective by
the verb "to be".

     It may seem bizarre to be thinking of a verbal construction
as being essentially adjectival, but watch how we can use
participles where their adjectival force is quite obvious:

           "the written text", "the spoken word", "the
           destroyed city", "the bewildered students",
           "the beleaguered professor", etc.
 
http://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/Wheelock-Latin/lat19.txt
 
Dale Grote's Latin Study Guide

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